Which action is defined as a sanction in netball?

In netball, a sanction specifically refers to a penalty imposed as a consequence of an infringement by a player. This is typically handled through a free pass or a penalty pass awarded to the opposing team. Such measures are in place to maintain fair play and discourage violations of the rules. When a player commits an infringement, the referee assesses the situation and determines the appropriate form of sanction. This action is vital in ensuring that the game proceeds in a structured manner and that players adhere to the established rules, promoting a competitive yet fair environment on the court.

Other options do not fit the definition of a sanction; for instance, a warning is more of a verbal acknowledgment of misconduct without an immediate consequence, while a timeout called by a coach relates to team strategies rather than rule enforcement. Similarly, a decision made by the team captain pertains to team dynamics, rather than a response to infringements within the rules of the game.