What distinguishes a free pass from a penalty pass?

A free pass is awarded for minor infringements of the rules during play, while a penalty pass is given for more serious violations. The distinction lies in the nature of the infringement; free passes come into play for less serious breaches such as obstruction or some minor contacts, allowing the game to flow without heavy penalties.

In contrast, a penalty pass is used for more significant rule violations, where a defensive player has committed an act that warrants a stricter consequence. Additionally, a free pass entails that the player taking the pass must be stationary when receiving it, contributing to the game's structure and allowing for the continuation of play without an abrupt halt. Recognizing this difference is essential for understanding the flow of the game and how officials manage infractions.